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GIS and Remote Sensing technology utilizing high-resolution satellite imagery has proven to be an unparalleled tool for achieving sustainability and sustainable development by providing a synoptic view over a large area at regular intervals.
Fremont, CA: The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) defines sustainable development as "the management and conservation of natural resources base, as well as the orientation of technological and institutional changes to ensure the attainment and continued satisfaction of human requirements for present and future generations." Such sustainable development protects land, water, plant, and animal genetic resources in ways that are not harmful to the environment, are economically viable, technically appropriate, and socially acceptable.
Unsustainable production and consumption patterns in both developed and developing countries have resulted in environmental degradation; therefore, sustainable development goals should be a top priority for governments and environmental organizations worldwide. This can be accomplished through land resource planning and management, combating deforestation and biodiversity conservation, combating desertification and drought, protecting the quality and supply of fresh water, protecting the oceans and coastal areas, rational use and development of their living resources, and protecting the atmosphere from pollution.
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Role of GIS and Remote Sensing in sustainable development:
Information on the nature, spatial distribution, extent, potential, and limitations of natural resources is required for developing a sustainable development strategy. Along with that, socioeconomic and meteorological data and other ancillary information can be used to generate an action plan/development plan for long-term development. GIS and Remote Sensing technology utilizing high-resolution satellite imagery has proven to be an unparalleled tool for achieving sustainability and sustainable development by providing a synoptic view over a large area at regular intervals. Satellite imagery contains a wealth of information that can be used at operational levels to generate baseline data on mineral resources, groundwater, soils, and surface water, land use/land cover, forests, and so on at various scales and monitors the changes, if any, over time. Nowadays, the availability of high spatial-spectral-temporal resolution satellite data from a vast array of government and commercial satellite constellations makes the task of sustainable development goals a lot easier.
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